《茶花女》是法国亚历山大·小仲马的代表作,讲述在19世纪40年代,一个叫玛格丽特·戈蒂埃的贫苦乡下姑娘来到巴黎,走进了名利场,成了上流社会的一个社交明星。在她的卖笑生涯中她结识了阿尔芒·迪瓦尔,于是两人开始了一段爱情故事。书中故事根据作者小仲马与情人的真情实际改变而成。
小仲马(1824—1895)是法国小说家、剧作家。他的文学创作大多以探讨社会道德问题为主题。1848年,小仲马发表了《茶花女》一举成名,1852年他又将其改编为同名话剧,获得了极大成功,于是专门开始了戏剧创作。小仲马共写了二十多个剧本,包括《半上流社会》、《金钱问题》、《私生子》、《放荡的父亲》、《欧勃雷夫人的见解》、《阿尔米斯先生》和《福朗西雍》等。他的剧本多以妇女、家庭、爱情、婚姻问题为题材,着意揭露资本主义社会 家庭和两性关系上的腐朽和虚伪,从独特的角度提出了妇女地位、私生子的命运及婚姻、道德等社会问题。
In my opinion, it is impossible to create characters until one has spent a long time in studying men, as it is impossible to speak a language until it has been seriously acquired. Not being old enough to invent, I content myself with narrating, and I beg the reader to assure himself of the truth of a story in which all the characters, with the exception of the heroine, are still alive. Eye-witnesses of the greater part of the facts which I have collected are to be found in Paris, and I might call upon them to confirm me if my testimony is not enough. And, thanks to a particular circumstance, I alone can write these things, for I alone am able to give the final details, without which it would have been impossible to make the story at once interesting and complete.
This is how these details came to my knowledge. On the 12th of March, 1847, I saw in the Rue Laffitte a great yellow placard announcing a sale of furniture and curiosities. The sale was to take place on account of the death of the owner. The owner’s name was not mentioned, but the sale was to be held at 9, Rue d’Antin, on the 16th, from 12 to 5. The placard further announced that the rooms and furniture could be seen on the 13th and 14th.
I have always been very fond of curiosities, and I made up my mind not to miss the occasion, if not of buying some, at all events of seeing them. Next day I called at 9, Rue d’Antin.
It was early in the day, and yet there were already a number of visitors, both men and women, and the women, though they were dressed in cashmere and velvet, and had their carriages waiting for them at the door, gazed with astonishment and admiration at the luxury which they saw before them.
I was not long in discovering the reason of this astonishment and admiration, for, having begun to examine things a little carefully, I discovered without difficulty that I was in the house of a kept woman. Now, if there is one thing which women in society would like to see (and there were society women there), it is the home of those women whose carriages splash their own carriages day by day, who, like them, side by side with them, have their boxes at the Opera and at the Italians, and who parade in Paris the opulent insolence of their beauty, their diamonds, and their scandal.
This one was dead, so the most virtuous of women could enter even her bedroom. Death had purified the air of this abode of splendid foulness, and if more excuse were needed, they had the excuse that they had merely come to a sale, they knew not whose. They had read the placards, they wished to see what the placards had announced, and to make their choice beforehand. What could be more natural? Yet, all the same, in the midst of all these beautiful things, they could not help looking about for some traces of this courtesan’s life, of which they had heard, no doubt, strange enough stories.