本书结合了中国古代通史和中外文化交流两个维度，以古代丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路发生的文化交流为主线，讲述2000年间的中国历史变迁、中外文明互鉴与融汇，揭示中国在跨文明的互动、互融历程中所发挥的重要作用。本书吸取最新发现和研究成果，图文并茂，循序渐进地引导学生了解和热爱中国文化，理解中外文化的互动互鉴。
张朝阳，加州大学伯克利分校历史学博士（2010毕业），现任上海交通大学人文学院历史系教授。长期主讲“中外文化交流两千年”，荣获“上海市高校留学生英文授课示范性课程”称号，入选2021“环太平洋大学联盟线上学生交换项目”（APRU-VSE)。此外，作者还参与国家汉办资助、上海交通大学承办的“汉语桥”短期项目，主讲海上丝绸之路历史文化课（英文授课）。作者在国际、国内刊物发表学术论文40余篇，专著《中国早期民法的建构》，独立承担国家社科项目两项，上海市以及国际合作项目多项。
高艺
上海交通大学人文学院历史系副教授
Table of Contents
Introduction?Basic Facts about China 1
Chapter One?The Qin and Han Dynasties 8
1.1?The Qin and the Unification of China 8
1.2?The Collapse of the Qin Dynasty 12
1.3?The Rise of the Han and Its Governance 14
Chapter Two?The Opening of the Silk Road 19
2.1?The Rise of the Xiongnu (Huns匈奴) on the Northern Steppe 19
2.2?Zhang Qian and the Opening of the Silk Road 22
Chapter Three The Fall of the Han Dynasty and the Fragmentation of China 26
3.1?The Fall of the Han Dynasty and the Rise of the Three Kingdoms 27
3.2?The Brief Unification under the Jin Dynasty 30
3.3?The Northern and Southern Dynasties 32
Chapter Four?The Sui and Tang Dynasties 37
4.1?The Sui Dynasty 37
4.2?The Tang Dynasty 39
4.3?The Four Pillars of the Tang Dynasty 41
4.4?Outstanding Rulers of the Tang Dynasty 44
4.5?Cultural Achievements of the Tang Dynasty 46
Chapter Five?Cultural Exchanges along the Silk Road 51
5.1?Silk-making in Ancient China 51
5.2?The Silk Road 53
5.3?The First Wave of Cultural Exchanges along the Silk Road 53
Chapter Six?The Spread of Chinese Inventions to the World 59
6.1?Silk-making 59
6.2?Papermaking 60
6.3?Printing 62
6.4?Gunpowder 64
6.5?The Compass 65
Chapter Seven The Fall of the Tang and the Rise of the Song, Liao, Western Xia, and Jin 67
7.1?The Fall of the Tang Dynasty 67
7.2?The Five Dynasties and Partial Unification of China—Northern Song 69
7.3?The Rise of the Liao, Western Xia, Jin, and Southern Song 70
7.4?Complicated Relations 74
Chapter Eight?The Glory of the Maritime Silk Road 75
8.1?Early Development of the Maritime Silk Road 75
8.2?Glory of the Maritime Silk Road 77
8.3?Guangzhou and Quanzhou 83
Chapter Nine?The Rise of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties 86
9.1?From Genghis Khan to Kublai Khan 86
9.2?The Rise of the Ming Dynasty 89
9.3?Further Development of the Silk Road 91
Chapter Ten?Admiral Zheng He and His Seven Voyages 93
10.1?Zheng He 94
10.2?Seven Voyages of the Ming Dynasty 95
10.3?The Achievements and Global Reception of Zheng He 99
Chapter Eleven The First Encounter Between China and the West—Jesuits in the Ming and Qing Dynasties 102
11.1?The Qing Dynasty 102
11.2?Jesuits in China 104
11.3?The Jesuits as a Cultural Bridge Connecting the East and the West 108
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