地球大数据支撑可持续发展目标报告(2020):“一带一路”篇(英文版)
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《地球大数据支撑可持续发展目标报告(2020):一带一路篇》围绕零饥饿(SDG 2)、清洁饮水和卫生设施(SDG 6)、可持续城市和社区(SDG 11)、气候行动(SDG 13)、水下生物(SDG 14)和陆地生物(SDG 15)6个可持续发展目标(SDGs)所开展的44个案例研究、指标建设和可持续发展状态评估,展示了典型地区、国家、区域以及全球四个尺度在数据产品、方法模型和决策支持方面对相关SDGs及其指标进行的研究和监测评估成果,包括43套数据产品、25种方法模型和30个决策支持结果。这些案例展现了中国利用科技创新推动落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程的探索和实践,充分揭示了地球大数据技术对监测评估可持续发展目标的应用价值和广阔前景,开拓了在联合国技术促进机制框架下利用大数据、人工智能等先进技术方法支撑2030年可持续发展议程落实的新途径和新方法,为各国加强2030年可持续发展议程落实的监测评估提供借鉴。
ContentsForeword iPreface vExecutive Summary ixList of Cases on Big Earth Data for SDGs xvChapter 1 IntroductionChallenges to implementing the SDGs / 2Big Earth Data / 3Big Earth Data in Support of SDGs / 4Chapter 2 SDG 2 Zero HungerBackground / 8Main Contributions / 9Case Study / 11Spatial distribution of classes of farmland size and agricultural productivity in Zambia / 11Monitoring desert locusts in Asia and Africa / 18Spatiotemporal patterns of rice paddy dynamics on the Indochina Peninsula / 25Cultivated land productivity dataset and its application in Northeast Eurasia / 32Ethiopian wheat production potential / 40Capacity building contributing to food security governance in Mozambique / 46Summary / 55Chapter 3 SDG 6 Clean Water and SanitationBackground / 58Main Contributions / 59Case Study / 60Spatial and temporal patterns of surface water clarity in the countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative / 60Crop water productivity assessment of a representative irrigation district in Morocco / 67Water-use eff iciency in Central Asia / 74Water-use eff iciency in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin / 81Changes in water bodies in Ramsar sites / 90Summary / 97Chapter 4 SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesBackground / 100Main Contributions / 101Case Study / 103Road network changes and road connectivity assessment in the 65 countries in Asia, Europe and Africa / 103Analyzing rural accessibility along the China-Pakistan Railway / 113High-resolution urban impervious surface mapping for global urbanization assessment / 119Urban land use eff iciency and sustainability analysis for cities in Asia, Europe and Africa / 125Assessment of land use changes in global large cities / 133Study on spatial and temporal distribution and protection countermeasures of cultural heritage in Asia, Europe and Africa / 140Human disturbance monitoring and integrated pressure analysis in World Natural Heritage sites in Asia, Europe and Africa / 151Summary / 159Chapter 5 SDG 13 Climate ActionBackground / 162Main Contributions / 163Case Study / 165Natural disaster impact evaluation in Asia, Africa, Europe and Oceania, 2015-2019 / 165Global burned area distribution and changes / 174Factors and temporal variation of emissions from dust sources in Central Asia over the past 40 years / 179Global forest carbon budget and climate change / 185Risk assessment of freeze-thaw disasters in High Mountain Asia / 191Contributing factors and growth trend analysis for the desert locust upsurge in early 2020 / 197Evaluation of navigation capacity in the Northeast Passage / 203Meteorological drought monitoring over arid Central Asia / 209Summary / 216Chapter 6 SDG 14 Life Below WaterBackground / 220Main Contributions / 221Case Study / 223Eutrophication assessment of the South China Sea and surrounding waters / 223Spatiotemporal patterns of coastal aquaculture ponds on the Indochina Peninsula and their impact on offshore chlorophyll-a concentration / 232Monitoring changes in water environments in the ocean around the Port of Colombo / 238Monitoring the extent and dynamic change in mangrove forests of some coastal countries / 244Conservation and utilization of the coastline / 251Summary / 258Chapter 7 SDG 15 Life on LandBackground / 262Main Contributions / 264Case Study / 266Global/regional forest cover (2019) / 266Assessment of vulnerability in protected areas of the Three Seas and One Lake international basins, 2001-2015 / 271Spatiotemporal dynamics of forest cover in Southeast Asia / 276Global Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) progress report / 284Monitoring and assessing land degradation in five Central Asian countries / 289Assessment of grassland degradation in Mediterranean Africa / 296Dynamic monitoring and control measures of land degradation and restoration in Mongolia / 304Time-series monitoring and decision support of the Mountain Green Cover Index in the Belt and Road Economic Corridors / 311Assessment of forest changes in Asian elephant habitats / 319Monitoring forest type of Amur tiger habitat / 325Global land cover changes in the past 20 years / 331Potential productivity and water use eff iciency for global terrestrial ecosystems / 339Global assessment of the impact of population and climate change on the ecosystem material supply capacity of drylands / 347Summary / 355Chapter 8 Summary and Prospects / 358References / 362Acronyms / 381