《<赫索格>视域下的索尔·贝娄犹太意识（英文版）》力图运用文化诗学理论对贝娄的代表作《赫索格》进行文化解读，旨在探讨贝娄的犹太意识。犹太意识强调犹太文化的传统意义和文化价值，就《赫索格》而言，该书通过描述生活在西方主流文化中的犹太知识分子的生存体验，将这种意识表现为边缘感、异化感、寻根性和寻本性。《赫索格》揭示了犹太知识分子的生存困境、精神困境和心路历程。作者在这部小说中选择犹太人作为自己叙事的视角，以文学的方式关注犹太人的生存状况和生命体验，展现犹太民族特有的文化品性和气质，这正是本书要探讨的中心问题。

    著名的美籍犹太作家索尔·贝娄（1915-2005）是可与海明威和福克纳相媲美的小说家，他一生共发表了十一部长篇小说及其他几部短篇小说、散文集和剧本。1976年，贝娄因“对当代文化富于人性的理解和精妙的分析”获诺贝尔文学奖。1964年发表的小说《赫索格》是贝娄的代表作，这部小说真实地表现了犹太知识分子在现代社会中的苦闷与迷惘、追求与探索。
　 本书力图运用文化诗学理论对贝娄的代表作《赫索格》进行文化解读，旨在探讨贝娄的犹太意识。犹太意识强调犹太文化的传统意义和文化价值，就《赫索格》而言，该书通过描述生活在西方主流文化中的犹太知识分子的生存体验，将这种意识表现为边缘感、异化感、寻根性和寻本性。《赫索格》揭示了犹太知识分子的生存困境、精神困境和心路历程。作者在这部小说中选择犹太人作为自己叙事的视角，以文学的方式关注犹太人的生存状况和生命体验，展现犹太民族特有的文化品性和气质，这正是本书要探讨的中心问题。
　 贝娄的犹太意识以人文主义为核心，以现代性和世界性为依归。作为生活在20世纪的美国犹太移民中的一份子，贝娄倡导在犹太传统文化与美国主流文化之间建构一种多元的文化共生的局面。他不满传统文学在揭露社会和表现人性时过于悲观的态度，提倡作家要与社会通过“对话”实现“交流”，以此在文明的废墟上重塑高贵的人性，树立人文主义的旗帜。《赫索格》的叙事聚焦于作家最为熟悉的犹太知识分子的精神危机，以探讨伦理和道德问题为手段，以犹太文化中的人类关怀为目标，昭示犹太人乃至现代人的普遍生活境遇与生存法则。由此可见，贝娄的犹太意识实际上是一种普遍人性意识，既关注犹太人的生命情怀，又能照见全人类的生存理念。这种超越狭隘种族偏见的犹太意识成就了《赫索格》一书的文化品格，也彰显了贝娄的人文主义关怀和世界性视野。

    彭涛，女，湖南常德人。2006年中南大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业硕士研究生毕业，现任吉林大学珠海学院教师，从事英美文学和大学英语方面的教学，主要研究美国犹太文学。主持完成2011—2012学年吉林大学珠海学院院内立项课题“索尔·贝娄犹太意识”；主持2014—2015学年吉林大学珠海学院学院创新能力培育工程项目之人文社科创新项目“索尔·贝娄小说的伦理观研究”。2013年入选吉林大学珠海学院“百人工程”骨干教师培养计划项目，先后在《圣经文学研究》《外语与翻译》《作家》等期刊上发表论文10余篇。 

Introduction 
Chapter 1 Formation of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
1.1 Cultural Sources of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
1.1.1 Jewish Culture 
1.1.2 American Culture 
1.2 Cultural Mechanism of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
Chapter 2 Concern for the Jewish Intellectuals: Core of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
2.1 Bellow's Jewish Life Experience in Herzog 
2.2 Moses Elkanah Herzog: a Modern Parody of the Moses of Exodus in the Hebrew Bible 
2.3 Jewishness of Herzog Representing the Kernels of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
2.3.1 Marginality 
2.3.2 Alienation 
2.3.3 Homeland-quest 
2.3.4 Self-identification 
Chapter 3 Concern for the Humanity: Sublimation of Bellow's Jewish Consciousness 
3.1 Moses Elkanah Herzog: a Person Fighting for Survival 
3.2 Cosmopolitan Quality and Vision in Herzog 
3.2.1 Global Marginality 
3.2.2 Global Alienation 
3.2.3 In Quest of an Everlasting Human Soul 
3.2.4 In Pursuit of an Everlasting Human Identity 
3.3 Toward Humanism-oriented Cosmopolitanism 
Conclusion 
Appendix 1 Saul Bellow's Nobel Lecture 
Appendix 2 Saul Bellow's Banquet Speech 
Appendix 3 Towards a Poetics of Culture (excerpt) 
Acknowledgements 
References 
Index

    《<赫索格>视域下的索尔·贝娄犹太意识（英文版）》：
　 2.3.3 Homeland-quest
　 Though "for our sin we are exiled from our land" (llerzog, 91), Moses Herzog, marginalized and alienated, still claims to have "a change of heart-a true change of heart" (llerzog, 201). His desire to root out the moral sin and wipe out his neurosis so as to find out a homeland or a "spiritual ghetto" is closely related to Jewish history and Jewish destiny.
　 Jewish history is history of exile. Owing to religious and ethnic reasons,Jews by origin suffered the burden of homelessness and exile both physically and emotionally Their historical experience can be described as follows:
　 From Abraham, the history of the Jewish people traces through the patriarchs to the exile in Egypt, the subsequent exodus and the giving of the Torah and execution of the covenant, the conquest Canaan, the Judges, the Monarchy and the later division into two kingdoms, the Babylonian exile and the return under Ezra and Nehemiah, the Hasmoneans, the subsequent loss of independence and destruction of the Temple by the Romans, the dispersion of the Jews throughout the world for centuries. (Rubinstein, 2002: 143)
    It is generally confirmed that "Exile or Diaspora [...] [becomes] a constant feature of Jewish experience" (Eisenstadt, 2004: 30). The reason why Jews can survive the cruel history lies in the fact that Jews have transformed suffering by means ofirony and a celebration of endurance. The endurance comes from their intense wish for a homeland, therefore, homeland-quest embodies the Jewish people's wish, feeling and a profound cultural quality. It shows that no matter how hard the life is, Jewry's resolution to cling to life so as to find a homeland would not be wavered.
　 Howe says, "the virtue of powerlessness, the power of helplessness, the company of the dispossessed, the sanctity of the insulted and injured-these, finally, are the great themes of Yiddish literature" (qtd. in Clayton, 1986: 66).There is no doubt that Bellow absorbs the valuable elements of the Yiddish literature. Even though Herzog who Bellow creates endures the unbearable marginality and the immeasurable alienation, he commits a moral sin against himself. Fortunately he keeps his faith in Judaism that consists of the beliefin God, the beliefin Man and the beliefin brotherhood to solve his predicament.He, a Jew and an expert sufferer, "owes God a human life" (llerzog, 272), and he does "continue to believe in God (llerzog, 231), therefore "He could not allow himself to die yet" (llerzog, 27), and "his duty is to live" (llerzog, 27) and quest for his "spiritual ghetto".
　　……