《播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程(第2版)》由专业综述、能力养成、分项指导与强化冲刺四部分构成,每个部分既独立成篇又相互联系,便于考生根据自身的学习进度与水平进行全程系统训练或单项考前冲刺。
《播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程(第2版)》基本涵盖了各大院校的考试类型与典型题型,每个部分都进行了具体的讲解与示例分析,可为考生提供清晰的解题思路和训练方法,并精选了部分练习以巩固训练效果。在指定稿件播读和自备稿件朗诵的部分,更是邀请了一线教师、播音员、主持人进行录音范读,以期通过他们艺术的表达、生动的示范,为考生呈现更为直观的听觉参照与训练标准,有效强化应试技巧。
《播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程(第2版)》既可作为播音与主持艺术专业高考的辅导教程,也可作为相关专业及爱好者自学的指导用书。
博观约取,求索创新。
人类传播方式的每一次飞越,都与社会发展、技术进步以及人们对信息的渴求密
切相关。大众传媒是社会发展的产物,并且随着其发展,改变着人们的生活、工作和
娱乐方式。所以,作为传媒业从教与研究者的我们更应在这诸多变化当中,剥离纷繁
的物质表象,准确把握行业深层次的变与不变,并将我们的研究所得作用于人才培养
的全过程,以有效推动传媒教育事业的科学发展。
在经济全球化、文化多元化和传播媒介多样化的背景下,综合分析传媒行业的变
与不变,我们就会发现,变化的是传播方式、技术手段、运作模式与播出内容;而不
变的则是我们必须遵循的传播法则即传播的使命、传播的价值观、信息的真实性以及
内容的服务性与有效性等。这所有的不变聚合起来,也就构成了大众传媒的基因。因
此,我们的高校传媒教育,也理应在这个大前提下,有效结合行业变与不变的现实情
况,从人才培养模式、课程体系设计以及教学内容安排等方面进行深入细致的思考与
探究,该坚守的坚守,该调整的调整,该变革的也理应顺势变革。
然而,相关法则究竟应该如何坚守?教学内容到底要怎样变革?这不能只是个命
题,更应落实于白纸黑字的有效践行上。于是,本着这种放眼世界、博采众长、精益
求精和勇于创新的精神,一批懂业务、宽视野、善思考、厚积淀,并且有着传媒使命
感的教师聚集了起来,携手清华大学出版社共同开发、出版了这套“当代传媒系列丛
书”,目的就是为了在高速发展的社会里,用符合时代特点、反映行业规律、贴合教
学需要的内容,为读者呈现出当代传媒五彩斑斓的大千世界。同时,为了保证教材的
质量,我们在编写时也遵循了以下原则:
第一,抵近教学一线。
第二,反映时代需求。
第三,紧扣行业脉搏。
第四,科学安排内容。
丛书序 SERIES ORDER
播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程(第 2 版)
IV
第五,注重读者体验。
在这些原则框架的基础上,我们力求丛书能符合教师教学、学生学习与传媒爱
好者自学的需要,也期待着广大读者在阅读、使用过程中能给我们提出宝贵意见和建
议,以使这套丛书日臻完善。
“当代传媒系列丛书”的出版,得到了多位业界专家的悉心指点,也得到了国内
众多院校的大力协助以及诸多媒体同仁的鼎力支持,在此一并致谢。
让我们心系传媒,立足课堂;积聚力量,行在路上!
田
园
曲
2014年6月
艺术,能给人带来美的享受与愉悦。
报考艺术类专业,也就是选择与美同行,与善为邻。
当前,开办艺术类专业的院校越来越多,而播音与主持艺术则更是其中的热门。
这既意味着考生选择面的增大、高考录取率的提高,也反映出市场对优质人才质与量
的双方面渴求。
《播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程》旨在为广大考生分享一条便捷、有效的艺
考成功路径。全书共分四个部分,即专业综述、能力养成、分项指导与强化冲刺。每
个部分既独立成篇又相互联系,便于考生根据自身的学习进度与水平进行全程系统训
练或单项考前冲刺。
就具体内容而言,本书基本涵盖了各大院校的考试类型与典型题型,每个部分
都进行了具体的讲解与示例分析,可为考生提供清晰的解题思路和训练方法,并精选
了部分练习以巩固训练效果。为了增强实用性,在指定稿件播读和自备稿件朗诵的部
分,更是邀请了一线教师、播音员、主持人进行录音范读,以期通过他们艺术的表
达、生动的示范,为考生呈现更为直观的听觉参照与训练标准。
总的来说,艺术造诣的提升是一个向上攀登、永不封顶的修行过程,还望考生以
虔诚之心,发美妙、向善之音。在日复一日的磨炼与思考中,体悟语言的博大、艺术
的精深。
就让我们将这本教程看做一叶扁舟,携手踏上播音与主持的艺术之旅吧!在不断
追寻梦想、执著前行的过程中,沿途的美丽风景,将会为您一一呈现。
田
园
曲
2014年12月于长沙
田园曲,中国传播学会会员、中国电视艺术家协会主持人专业委员会委员、湖南省播音主持研究会会员;先后工作或兼职任教于四川音乐学院、四川师范大学、四川电影电视学院、乐山师范学院、西南石油大学、湖南艺术职业学院等高校;担任清华大学出版社《当代传媒系列丛书》总主编。
主要出版物:编著《电影电视配音艺术》《播音与主持艺术高考进阶实用教程》;主编《主持人语音与艺术发声教程》;参编《教师口语》《播音语言表达艺术教程》;录制《普通话语音示范》CD一盘。
教学及研究方向:播音表达、主持艺术、节目配音。
第一章 专业综述
一、播音专业的历史沿革 ···························································································· 1
二、办学规模及专业方向设置 ···················································································· 2
三、推荐专业院校 ········································································································· 4
第二章 能力养成
第一节 普通话发音与正音 ················································································· 15
一、声母——字音准确的基础 ·················································································· 17
二、韵母——声音响亮的关键 ·················································································· 43
三、声调——语言色彩的体现 ·················································································· 73
四、语流音变——语言流畅、纯正的保障 ······························································· 83
第二节 吐字与声音美化 ···················································································· 93
一、建立“声音审美”的意识与相应标准 ······························································ 93
二、呼吸控制及训练 ·································································································· 95
三、口腔控制及训练 ·································································································· 98
四、喉部控制及训练 ································································································ 108
五、共鸣控制与训练 ·································································································113
第三章 分项指导
第一节 自我介绍 ······························································································117
一、项目综述 ·············································································································117
二、注意事项 ·············································································································119
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VIII
第二节 自备稿件朗诵 ······················································································· 120
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 120
二、考生应掌握的朗诵基本方法 ············································································ 123
三、各类稿件朗诵技巧 ···························································································· 128
第三节 指定稿件播读 ······················································································· 152
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 152
二、播读的基本技巧 ································································································ 153
三、指定稿件播读示例分析 ···················································································· 159
四、指定稿件训练材料 ···························································································· 165
第四节 即兴评述 ······························································································ 185
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 185
二、即兴评述的方法 ································································································ 188
三、注意事项 ············································································································ 197
四、即兴评述示例 ···································································································· 199
五、即兴评述训练 ····································································································· 208
第五节 模拟主持 ······························································································ 215
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 215
二、模拟主持的方法 ································································································ 218
三、模拟主持的状态 ································································································ 221
四、模拟主持分析与示例 ························································································· 222
五、模拟主持训练 ···································································································· 226
第六节 上镜展示 ······························································································ 232
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 232
二、考生的镜头前状态 ···························································································· 233
三、考场着装与化妆 ································································································ 236
第七节 才艺展示 ······························································································ 238
一、项目综述 ············································································································ 238
二、才艺的准备 ········································································································ 239
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IX
第四章 强化冲刺
第一节 指定稿件播读训练材料 ········································································ 241
一、指定新闻类稿件 ································································································ 241
二、指定文学类稿件 ································································································ 245
第二节 自备稿件朗诵训练材料 ········································································ 258
一、诗歌 ···················································································································· 258
二、散文 ···················································································································· 280
三、故事 ···················································································································· 299
四、台词 ···················································································································· 309
第三节 即兴评述训练材料 ················································································ 313
附录A 容易读错的字词 ···················································································· 321
附录B 录音示范 ······························································································· 331
参考文献 ··········································································································· 335
后记 ··················································································································· 337